Thursday, 15 September 2011

Few Macroeconomic questions?

1) The effects of a change in government expenditures is multiplied throughout an economy

a) only when there is a decrease in expenditure.

b) only when there is an increase in expenditure.

c) because government expenditure generates changes in consumption expenditure.

d) because taxes are left unchanged.

I think the answer is c here, but I'm not sure.



2) Income taxes and transfer payments

a) increase the rate of long-run income growth.

b) act like economic shock absorbers and stabilize fluctuations in income.

c) increase the effects of investment and imports.

d) prevent the economy from moving toward equilibrium.

I think it's either b or c, but I'm not sure at all.



3) Using the AD-AS model, an increase in government expenditure

a) has a full multiplier effect on real GDP, leaving the price level unchanged in the long run.

b) has no impact on real GDP, but will increase potential GDP.

c) increases both real GDP and the price level.

d) has no impact on real GDP.

I'm pretty sure it has an impact on GDP, but not sure about the price level.



-Thanks for any help.
Few Macroeconomic questions?
haha. hated macro. um, i'm gonna go with d, c, b.





(i may or may not be giving your bogus answers to get you for cheating.......)

98 Honda Civic pulling to left and car feels wobbly?

A few weeks back, my 98 Honda Civic- hatchback 1.4i started feeling wobbly and also started pulling to the left. It felt like driving continously on a bumpy road.



I took it to 3 different garages to get it checked. Have changed 2 x tyres that were running low on tread, got wheel tracking and balancing done for all 4 wheels, got the leaking shock absorbers replaced and finally got the worn out bushes replaced. Still there is no change in the driving comfort. It still feels wobbly...sometimes giving me motion sickness and still pulls to the left.



I took it back to one of the garages and they said that they have checked everything very carefully, but were unable to find anything wrong. Not sure what to do next. Any advice would me much appreciated. Thanks a lot.
98 Honda Civic pulling to left and car feels wobbly?
Did they change all 4 tires? back tires could be bad too. Drive axles could be bent or worn out , Cv joints could be bad, bearings could be bad, bent rims as well.

I would find a new shop or take it to some one who can check it all out

Broken belts in tires can cause this too back tires as I said.
98 Honda Civic pulling to left and car feels wobbly?
Don't know if you meant track rod ends when you said bushes but that is what it sounds like to me. Jack the front wheels one at a time and pull/push the sides of the tyre to see if the wheel %26quot;moves%26quot; which would show a dodgy track rod end.
you could check the brake discs to make sure they arnt warped get someone to do a runout test

that could cause a wobble also the wheel bearings get them checked too good luck....
The wobble could be the steering track rod end worn,or a tyre with a side wall bulge,either front or back,to eliminate this get the car jacked just off the ground and spin the wheel round and look at it from front or back so you can see both sidewalls,do this to all tyres and wheels,if you find one with a lump change it for the spare after checking that as well, drive shaft can bend if the cars been curbed also the steering rack maybe loose,another cause of pulling can be the brakes either warped as mention by others as was the drive shafts and track rods/ends,if the brakes are binding i.e. locking on ,or not working properly at all this will cause the car to veer and pull, does the pull happen in a straight line without braking,or only when braking, as if only when braking then this would seem to be the cause, if not when braking then shafts,track rods and ends,tyres,will need to be checked for security and bends,the Constant Velocity Joint on the drive shafts would make a knocking sound on full lock,wheel bearing normally sound like a grumbling sound, chassis alignment as a last resort,if had a knock or crash.hope this helps and good luck .
There are a number of possible causes for your problems and they should be diagnosed by a professional auto shop. I suggest that instead of taking the vehicle to a general repair shop, you take it to a shop that specializes in brakes, suspension, and alignment. And by the way, the pulling and the wobbling may or may not be related to one another.



It's true that either symptom could be caused by a tire problem. However, if the tires you replaced were in the front and the problems persist (and taking into consideration the other work done on the wheels and tires), the symptoms are most likely being caused by something else besides the tires or wheels.



In regards to the %26quot;wobble%26quot; it is hard to make much of an accurate guess without more information and/or test driving the vehicle. However, if by wobble you mean that it feels like the front tires are moving back and forth rapidly, there may be a problem with loose or damaged steering components (e.g. tie rods and/or steering rack), or possibly damaged wheel bearings.



If by wobble you mean that the car has continuous up and down motion after going over bumps or uneven road surfaces, then there may be a problem with the shocks or struts.



If wobble means the car sways in a back on forth motion as you drive, as if you were in a boat, it may more likely be related to the sway bar or sway bar links.



And the wobble could also be caused by improper alignment angles, so that should DEFINITELY be checked.



Some possibilities for the pulling problem include worn or damaged steering components (as listed above), or a problem with the brake system. The diagnostic process for brake pull is too long to post here and should be done by a professional. And again, improper alignment angles can be causing the pull, so you will want to get that checked.



A note about the alignment...while it is true that improper alignment angles can be causing these symptoms, it should be noted that the true problem may be elsewhere. Any monkey can operate alignment equipment and adjust the angles, but a good alignment shop/tech will analyze the numbers and ask *why* the car is out of alignment. If there is an underlying problem, adjusting the alignment angles will not solve it and the car will simply go out of alignment again. Keep that in mind when looking for a good shop to do the work on your vehicle.



Best of luck to you!

Would wearing extra socks make me faster?

I trust physics on my life.



Here's a small fact on my physic textbook:



%26quot;Running shoes as shock absorbers: Today, much of the focus of running shoe technology centers on the cushioned midsole that plays a key role as a shock absorber and performance enhancer. Each time a runner鈥檚 foot hits the ground, the ground exerts an equal and opposite force on the runner鈥檚 foot. This force can be nearly four times a runner鈥檚 weight, causing aches and pains, shin splints, and damage to knees and ankles over long distances. Cushioning is used in running shoes to decrease the force absorbed by the runner. As a runner鈥檚 foot hits the ground and come to a stop, its momentum changes. The change in momentum is 螖p = F螖t.



A shoe鈥檚 cushioning system also affects energy consumption. The bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons of the foot and leg are a natural cushioning system. But operating this system requires the body to use stored energy to contract muscles. So if a s shoe can be worn that assists a runner鈥檚 natural cushioning system, the runner does not expand much of his or her own stored energy. The energy the runner saved can be spent to run farther or faster. The cushioned midsole uses the law of conversation of energy to return as much of the energy to the runner as possible. The runner鈥檚 kinetic energy transformers to elastic potential energy, plus heat, when the runner鈥檚 foot hits the running surface. If the runner can reduce the amount of energy that is lost as heat, the runner鈥檚 elastic potential energy can be converted back to useful kinetic energy. Bouncy, springy, elastic materials that resist crushing over time commonly are used t o create the cushioned midsole. Options now range from silicone gel pads to complex fluid-filled systems and even springs to give a runner extra energy efficiency.%26quot;







So would wearing extra sock reduce the amount of energy lost, which I can spend to run faster? (I get tired pretty easy.)
Would wearing extra socks make me faster?
its a good theory but running isnt a science. its about how you feel. i never thought about the physics behiind it but if you wear extra soxks it will feel like more weight on your feet and you will feel heavier. i dont wear any socks during cross country races and it makes me feel alot lighter even though its only ounces. it makes you do better and run faster if you feel better. theres no explination or science to it.

Spring Constant?! HELP!?

Cars have springs and shock absorbers that dampen vibrations. If the suspension of a rear spring is responsible to absorb the change in potential energy as a car falls down into a pothole, find the spring constant of the rear spring. Assume the mass over the spring is 500 kg, the pothole is 5.0 cm deep and the spring compresses by 1.0 cm.



Please show all work so that I can understand everything! Thank youu!!
Spring Constant?! HELP!?
According to Hooke's Law:



F= -kx



Where F is the force experienced, k is the spring constant and x is the distance the spring is compressed.



F=ma

Therefore, -kx=ma

%26gt;%26gt; -k = (ma)/x



%26gt;%26gt; -k = (500kg*9.8m/s/s)/(-.01m) (9.8 m/s/s due to gravity)

%26gt;%26gt; k = 490000N/m
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  • How to solve these questions?

    1.Which of the following will reduce the velocity of circulation of the money stock?



    a. The inflation rate increases.

    b. The interest rate falls.

    c. Credit cards are used more frequently.

    d. More employees are paid once a week instead of once a month.



    2. The inflation rate in May of 1999 as a measure by the CPI was zero. If inflation were to remain at zero for a long period, what would be the effect on velocity?



    a. It will decrease.

    b. It will increase.

    c. It will remain constant.

    d. Velocity is unrelated to interest rates.



    3. As we approached the end of the millennium, many economic crackpots advised citizens to hold large quantities of cash in anticipation of Y2K disasters. What effect would this have had on velocity if many people had been foolish enough to follow this advice?



    a. It would have decreased.

    b. It would have increased.

    c. It would have remained constant.

    d. Velocity is unrelated to cash balances.



    4. Monetarism resembles Keynesian thinking in that they both



    a. emphasize supply and ignore demand.

    b. integrate supply-side analysis into their models.

    c. emphasize demand side effects.

    d. emphasize the importance of fiscal policy.



    5. Which of the following leads to a fundamental difficulty for stabilization policy?



    a. Time lags in policy decisions

    b. Presence of shock absorbers in the economy

    c. Absence of data on the effectiveness of policy measures

    d. Existence of self correcting mechanism

    6. How do critics of discretionary stabilization policy view frequent changes in spending and tax policy?



    a. The changes make the economy smoother, although it may not look that way to individual firms.

    b. The changes make life more difficult and hectic for Congress and the Fed.

    c. The changes smooth out the business cycle, making planning easier.

    d. The changes cause more instability in the economy and make planning more difficult.



    7. How do advocates of discretionary stabilization policy view frequent changes in spending and tax policy?



    a. The changes make the economy more difficult to forecast.

    b. The changes make life more difficult and hectic for Congress and the Fed.

    c. The changes smooth out the business cycle, making planning easier.

    d. The changes cause more instability in the economy and make planning more difficult.



    8. Suppose that the economy is currently at full employment. All other things being equal, if central bank implements contractionary policy, then the appropriate fiscal policy is to



    a. increase taxes.

    b. reduce government spending.

    c. balance the budget.

    d. increase a budget deficit.

    9. Lowering the budget deficit and then turning it into a surplus between 1992 and 2000 was an effective way to



    a. decrease the level of investment spending and inflation.

    b. increase the level of the national debt.

    c. increase the investment share of GDP.

    d. decrease the tax share of GDP

    10.If in fiscal year 2001, the federal government receives $1,990 billion in revenues and spends $1,875 billion for goods and services, the national debt will



    a. increase by $1,990 billion.

    b. increase by $115 billion.

    c. decrease by $115 billion.

    d. decrease by $1,875 billion.
    How to solve these questions?
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    Will different size tires on the same axle harm my car?

    9 months ago I got four new tires on my car. Since then I have driven more than 10 000 miles. My car was recently serviced and they discovered that the right-hand tires are a slightly different size to the left-hand tires. This was an error made by the garage that fitted them and means that the car has not been legal for the last nine months.



    The garage have offered new tires for free. I wonder however whether this could have caused any other problems to my car since I have driven so much on these tires. Could it have affected the wear on the shock absorbers, brakes etc? Should I be asking them to check or change anything else?



    Any advice appreciated, thanks
    Will different size tires on the same axle harm my car?
    Not knowing what size tires you have makes it pretty tough to say whether or not it was a large enough difference to cause any damage. After 10k if you haven't had any problems I suspect that the difference was minor. Have the shop replace the tires with the proper size for your vehicle. Your best option is to have the new tires paired up on the same axle. If you have a front wheel drive vehicle you should put them on the front. If your vehicle is rear wheel drive you should have the shop measure the tread depth and check for any irregular wear in the other tires and determine the best placement for the new tires base on that. There really shouldn't be any problems with the brakes or chassis components of the vehicle as a result. The major concern would be the drive axle or trans axle if the difference in overall diameter was greater than about 3 to 5 percent but you would have most likely already had an issue if this was the case.
    Will different size tires on the same axle harm my car?
    I think its a little unsafe, but it shouldn't have caused any damage
    HI

    depending on how much of a difference there was it could cause damage to the rear end as well as front end parts. At 10,000 miles had you ever had them rotated? Maybe you back tires call for a bigger tire than the front. If so maybe the people that rotated them X'ed them instead of just going front to back.

    I'd take them up on the new tires and this time look at them and see that they are marked the same size..

    Good luck

    tim
    The different sized tires shouldn'tt of harmed anything on your vehicle, the shocks would of been compressed to a different %26quot;size%26quot; but it wouldnt hurt anything, if it is a small different in size, the only thing it might cause is rubbing in your wheel wells but6 you would of heard that along time ago
    Other than causing the car to lean to one side (apparently it wasn't that bad or you would have noticed it), it hasn't really hurt anything. Technically, it would have caused slightly more wear on the differential gears since they would have been differentiating slightly on straight roads, but the actual effect is similar to driving a very slightly curved road for a long time instead of a straight one.



    No worries.
    Hello



    No it wouldn't You do not say how they are different?

    If you look at a motor cycle you will see that the back one is always wider than the front and sometime bigger in diameter as well



    Car tyres are listed as 175/60/16

    175 Width of tyre mm / 60 Depth of tyre 60 % of Width mm / 16 Diameter of Wheel Rim Inches.

    If you have 2 bigger tyres fit to rear as these wheel do not turn the car

    Tyres best if all Radial or Cross-ply, If 2 and 2 have both Radial fitted to front or rear axles. Dangerous if 1 of each fitted to same axle.



    Andy C
    If no one had noticed this before, the difference must have very small. No harm would have been done to your car.
    for one, the differential has been working over time. it is not a good idea.
    if you havent seen the size difference and you havent noticed it drive any different in 10000 miles it wont have done any harm.



    take the garage up on their offer for new tyres and go on your way having had free tyres for 10000 miles!

    Vauxhall Cavalier Knocking noise?

    i have a cavalier 1993 1.8i petrol, and there is a knocking noise coming from the drivers sidesumwhere, i thought it may have been the shock absorbers but it wasnt even tho i had them changed, its not the anti role bar linkages, ive had new wishbones and a new leg put on and new brakes so it cant be them. ive heard that my back gearbox mount is gone and i need2 change that, cud that cause the knocking noise, its like metal knocking 2getha every so often when i turn corners or go over bumps. pls help as i need 2 sort it.
    Vauxhall Cavalier Knocking noise?
    phoo phoo valve system has gone . common fault
    Vauxhall Cavalier Knocking noise?
    wheel bearings gone